Size does matter: Nanobodies as a new format for tumor imaging probes
نویسنده
چکیده
Currently there are several imaging techniques that enable detection and staging of cancer, namely X-ray, computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET) and optical imaging [1]. Each of these modalities comes with a set of advantages and limitations. Increasing understanding of cancer biology has led in the recent years to determination of several cancer biomarkers. This knowledge on molecules which expression is upregulated in cancer cells in comparison to normal healthy cells allowed development of targeted pharmaceuticals. Improving tumor specificity of used pharmaceuticals was the key step leading to high contrast imaging. Firstly, monoclonal antibodies were used as imaging agents. To this day 5 monoclonal antibodies are approved by FDA for diagnostic imaging [2].
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